Deep Space Like 5x Slow Motion? Successfully Measuring the Time Delay of the Far Universe Due to Expansion | sorae portal site of the universe

According to the general theory of relativity, the closer the speed of a moving object is to the speed of light, the slower time passes, and this effect has been proven experimentally. Our universe is also expanding, and the rate of expansion increases as we get farther from Earth.

Combine these two elements, from the groundWhen you see the distant universeorbs thereIt appears in slow motion compared to looking at nearby space objectsHe should. To prove this prediction, it is necessary to capture not only the instantaneous state of the distant universe, but also the changing state in “real time”.

By analyzing Type Ia supernovae, whose brightness is said to be constant, previous studies have shown that up to about half of the universe’s 13.8 billion-year history is consistent with the predictions of general relativity. However, a type Ia supernova occurring in the universe farther out was difficult to notice, and time dilation in the universe farther out was difficult to notice. Other astronomical phenomena that can be observed even if they occur in the distance cannot prove the time delay because the change in brightness is not constant and it is technically difficult to observe the distant universe, I could not do that.

[▲ الشكل 2: رسم تخيلي لكوازار. يوجد ثقب أسود هائل في المركز ، والذي يطلق الطاقة في عملية امتصاص كمية كبيرة من المادة (Credit: NASA، ESA & J. Olmsted (STScI))]

A research team led by Geraint F Lewis of the University of Sydney and Brendon J Brewer of the University of Auckland found that “quasarBy analyzing the observational data of “, we analyzed how the flow of time was observed. The quasar that is very bright in visible light has a supermassive black hole at its center, and it is believed that a huge amount of energy is released when the black hole sucks in a large amount of matter.

The amount of energy given off by quasars is not constant, but increases and decreases over time, causing quasars to brighten and darken. Theoretically, it is possible to detect a delay in time if we liken this change to the “hands of a clock” that tell time. However, it is difficult to reliably capture changes in the brightness of a quasar over several days.

Lewis and Brewer analyzed data from 190 quasars observed at various wavelengths over the past 20 years to investigate how quasars ‘clump’. It is unclear whether changes in the quasar’s brightness can be used as clocks, and previous research has failed to detect them.

However, in this study, we were able to demonstrate that quasars have such properties. the analysis’ results ,More than 12 billion years ago(about 1 billion years after the birth of the universe)In our universe, time moves five times slower than it does in our current universe.was able to detect

Of course, the fact that the early universe appears to be in slow motion, which is about five times slower, is a phenomenon that only happens when we’re watching from a distance. Even if we use a time machine to go back to the universe at that time, time seems to flow at the same speed as it did in the current universe before we left.

However, the slowing down of time shown by the observation proves something else. It is almost universally accepted in modern cosmology that the universe is expanding and that the distant (i.e. early) universe contains quasars, the first forms of galaxies. Is this correct? It is not an easy question to answer. The analysis, which shows that the brightness of the quasars does indeed appear to be changing slowly, indicates that the quasars were indeed objects in the early universe and that the universe was expanding at a great rate. It is an interesting study because it proves it in a different way.

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Text: Rare Aya