Theoretically discovered nesting nest “Nestor” “Matryoshka doll” from the theory of gravity | sorae universe portal website

Since “black holes” are an area where modern physics collapses, a number of theoretical proposals have been put forward to avoid them. One typical solution is “Gravastar(Gravastar).”

Daniel Jampolski and Luciano Rizzola from the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Leipzig investigated the Gravaster that appears by solving Einstein's equation, and they have found this.An orb with a tomb inside a tombIts existence has been proven. Since this overlapping structure is possible in many layers, the two scientists named this celestial body “Nester(Nistar).”

Although we don't know if nests actually exist, the results of this study will expand our mathematical perspective on gravity.

■ “Black holes” are a source of problems for the theory of gravity

In 1915, Albert Einstein proposed the famous theory of gravitation, “general relativity.” There is an equation called “Einstein's equation” that is necessary to understand gravity.

In 1916, shortly after the theory of general relativity was announced, Karl Schwarzschild discovered that by solving Einstein's equations, there is a point at which the force of gravity becomes infinite and a region from which even light cannot escape. This was the first discovery of what we call today a “black hole.”

Initially, black holes were purely mathematical entities, but as astronomy advanced, physical phenomena that could not be explained without the existence of black holes were discovered one after another. In 2019, a black hole was visualized for the first time by the Event Horizon Telescope, and its existence has now reached a point where there is no doubt.

However, the existence of black holes is very disturbing in modern physics, and there is a strong opinion that they do not exist. For example, there is thought to be a singularity at the center of a black hole, where gravity is infinite. Predicting the nature of the singularity is not possible with current theories, including general relativity, so the singularity is “Breaking point in modern physicsAlso, within the event horizon surrounding the singularity, even light cannot escape, and there is also loss of information about various properties of matter. The phenomenon of information loss contradicts modern physics, and this contradiction cannot be explained by current theories. .

When the solution of a particular theory leads to an answer with properties that cannot be explained by that theory, we usually suspect that the solution is wrong or that the answer does not exist. If the solution of general relativity revealed a black hole that could not be explained by general relativity, then in some sense it would be natural to doubt the existence of black holes.

On the other hand, the failure of these theories only occurs inside the black hole, and the properties outside the black hole can be easily predicted. Many astronomical phenomena have been discovered that cannot be explained without assuming the external properties of black holes. From these circumstances, even if black holes do not exist, at leastThere must be a celestial body that is visually difficult to distinguish from a black hole.there.

Based on this situation, a number of celestial bodies have been proposed which, although they may at first glance have “black hole-like” properties, have properties different from black holes.

Related article: Imaging of “topological defects (topological stars)” non-black hole-like object (May 8, 2023)

■Gravastar, a black hole replacement object

Gravastar is one of the objects proposed to replace the black hole. Gravaster, proposed by Pawel O. Mazur and Emil Mottola in 2001, is a compound name for “gravitational vacuum star.”

To say the least, the Gravaster's exterior resembles a black hole. The gravity around Gravastar is so strong that the surface will appear pitch black. For this reason, astronomical phenomena that can only be explained by black holes can be replaced by gravatar stars.

On the other hand, the interior of the hole is completely different from a black hole. The core of the Gravaster is filled with dark energy, a force that has anti-gravity properties, preventing it from collapsing indefinitely and preventing the formation of a singularity. The reason the name Gravaster includes the word “vacuum” comes from the fact that another name for dark energy is vacuum energy.

Also, a black hole has a one-way boundary called an event horizon, while a crater does not. Instead, Gravaster has a very thin layer of material on its surface, the thickness of which is thought to be very close to zero.

■Nestar Nested Gravaster Proposal

Mr. Jampolski and Mr. Rizzola conducted research to investigate the properties of gravitators by solving Einstein's equation. Einstein's equations provide a variety of insights into gravity, including in this paper, but they are difficult to solve mathematically. For this reason, new solution methods may reveal previously unknown properties of celestial bodies.

By solving Einstein's equations, the researchers showed that even if a layer of another material was placed inside the gravaster, it could exist stably. In other words,Such a celestial body can exist stably even if there is another burial within the cemetery.This is what it means. We also showed that this layer is not limited to two layers, but can be stacked in any number of layers. The two scientists described this celestial body as a “nest” structure for many stars, just like a Matryoshka doll.Nester(Nistar).”

At this point, we've only established that Nestor is theoretically possible, but it's unclear if he actually exists in this universe. Furthermore, even if nests exist, the process by which they are established is unknown. However, the fact that interesting entities like Nester emerge from solving the theory of gravitation shows that there are still areas in the theory of gravitation that have not been explored mathematically. Nester's research will lead to a new understanding of black holes and black holes.

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Written by Riri Aya