Is the real identity of “scary Barbie” a black hole? The largest explosion phenomenon in the universe suddenly appeared | Sorae Portal site to the universe

There are many high-energy astronomical phenomena in the universe, including supernova explosions and quasars. Observing a large number of these astronomical phenomena simultaneously has become easier with improvements in observational capabilities, and the mysteries have increased. It can be said that our understanding of these astronomical phenomena is still evolving.

An astronomical phenomenon that appeared in the constellation Vulpeculain 2021lwxis one of those mysterious things. The name AT 2021lwx is a catalog name given to objects in transit (AT is short for Astronomical Transient), there’s also “ATLAS20bkdj” by the Earth’s Final Asteroid Impact Warning System (ATLAS), and for the Zwicky Comet Hunting Observation (ZTF) other things have names like “ZTF20abrbeie” and Pan-STARRS “PS22iin”. In particular, the AT 2021lwx has “Scary Barbie(Scary Barbie).

ATLAS was first spotted at 2021lwx on November 10, 2020, but it’s still bright three years later. Considering that supernovae usually shine brightly for a few months at most, extended range AT 2021lwx is a pretty cool phenomenon.

In addition, if it was an ordinary supernova, then we would naturally observe the galaxy to which the exploding star belongs. However, in the case of AT 2021lwx, there is no record of an observed astronomical object at this position. In other words, AT 2021lwx is an orb that appears out of nowhere and appears to be emitting a large amount of energy over a long period of time.

Calculations based on the apparent brightness of AT 2021lwx and a distance of about 8 billion light-years from Earth indicate that AT 2021lwx has a peak brightness of 7 x 10 to the 38th W and a total energy release of 1.5 x 10ths. It is estimated to be J to the 46th power of At its peak, it is more About two trillion times brighter than the Sun, it is comparable to that of a typical quasar, and the total energy release is 100 times that of a typical supernova explosion.

AT 2021lwx is a very fuzzy object in terms of peak brightness and overall energy, and no object has been found at this position in the past. The brightness and energy values ​​of AT 2021lwx are the largest ever recorded for a celestial body other than a quasar, and Weismann and his team describe it as the ‘greatest’ explosion in the universe.

[▲ الشكل 2: توضيح وهمي للمادة التي تتراكم على ثقب أسود. من المتصور أيضًا أن يكون AT 2021lwx كائنًا من هذا القبيل. (الائتمان: جون إيه بايس)]

A research team led by Bhagya M. Subrayan at Purdue University and a research team led by P. Wiseman from the University of Southampton independently researched AT 2021lwx.

AT ID 2021lwxThe research team agreesis the temporary activity of a black holeIt is believed that since the black hole itself does not emit any electromagnetic waves, it cannot be observed directly, as the energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves of wavelength. To our distant observers, it would seem as if a large-scale energy release had suddenly occurred.

However, the conclusions of the two teams differ in detail. The research team of Soubrian and others estimated that the mass of the black hole is 170 million times the mass of the sun, and the material supplied is a star with a mass of about 14.28 times the mass of the sun. On the other hand, Weizmann and his team found that the mass of the black hole is 100 million to 1 billion times that of the sun, and the supplied material is not a solid body like a star, but a gas containing hydrogen and dust. I assumed it was an easily deformable object like

According to Wiseman et al. , whose paper was published after Subrayan et al. Observation results at wavelengths other than X-rays indicate that dust is present, and that the gaseous material forms an accretion disc. Suggests gas buildup on lions. The pinhole, based on the fact that the model of a tidal collapsing star fits the observations better than the model of a star destroyed by tidal forces.

As for the mass of the black hole and the identity of the supplied matter, the current observational data are insufficient to draw conclusions, and more continuous observations are needed. It looks like it will take some time to get close to the identity of the 2021lwx AT.

source

• Bhagya M. Subrayan et al. “Scary Barbie: a hyperactive, long-duration tidal disturbance event candidate with no galactic host detected at z = 0.995”. (The Astrophysical Journal Letters)
• B Weizmann et al. “Multiwavelength observations of the AT2021lwx accretion event”. (Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society)
• Georgette Kahlon, Robert Massey, and Steve Williams. “Astronomers reveal the largest ever cosmic explosion”. (Royal Astronomical Society)

Text: Rare Aya