November 2, 2024

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[أيام أوبونتو][الجزء 9]If you are not familiar with the standard desktop environment, try different flavors!  -PC Show

[أيام أوبونتو][الجزء 9]If you are not familiar with the standard desktop environment, try different flavors! -PC Show

the eighth timeI explained the GNOME-style desktop environment. It has also been suggested that there are many other desktop environments.

This time, I will continue to introduce several desktop environments, but the question arises whether desktop environments can be used easily on Ubuntu.

Let’s take a closer look at what’s going on there.

official repository

fourth timeAs a reminder, Ubuntu has an official repository where you can download packages.

This means that if the packages for each desktop environment are available in the official repositories, they can also be used with Ubuntu.

As you can probably guess, the official repositories contain packages for every desktop environment. All components are “universe”. Canonical only officially supports GNOME, and all other desktop environments are managed by the community.

Ubuntu flavor

The fact that the package is set up in the repository means that it will work if you install the package for each desktop environment after installing Ubuntu. However, this is cumbersome and results in installing a large number of packages, which is undesirable.

So what to do is distribute a live image that can be installed like Ubuntu.

This idea has existed since the launch of the Ubuntu project, and it was decided to prepare a “Ubuntu flavor” (hereinafter referred to as “Flavor”), which can be called an official etymological version.

The first is Kubuntu, which we will discuss later, and in many cases the main difference is the desktop environment.

The flavors are provided as live images that can be installed the same way as Ubuntu, and some installers are similar (some are different), so it’s easy to get started if you’ve installed Ubuntu.

Same installer as Ubuntu (Ubiquity) flavor (Ubuntu MATE)

Different flavor of Stabilizer (Calamaris) from Ubuntu (Kubuntu)

The flavors will be released on the same day as Ubuntu, but the flavors will only be supported for three years, so if you’re using LTS, you’ll have to update every two years.

Flavors and remixes

The flavor is an “official derivative” and must be approved by the Ubuntu community in order to be released as a flavor.

Despite the unofficial derivative versions, those that go along with the flavor are often called “remixes”. Although there are many derivative versions that prepared many of the original packages and were released separately from Ubuntu (linux mintetc.), which is not called a “remix”.

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Japanese Ubuntu TeamThe ‘Ubuntu Japanese Remix’ version is great, and it was released with minimal changes to Ubuntu. All of these changes did not make it to Ubuntu due to various reasons.

Introducing Ubuntu Flavors

Let’s introduce it with a desktop environment that adopts the flavor of Ubuntu.

in humanity

KDE Plasma Desktop

Not only can you add different widgets, you can also add from “Get New Widgets” on the top right

As in the eighth issue nowwhereThe desktop environment is not released. Hencein humanityIt was released in three separate versions: KDE Frameworks for framework, KDE Plasma for Desktop shell, and KDE Gear for applications. These three are combined to form a desktop environment.

Taking Kubuntu 22.04 LTS as an example, it uses KDE Frameworks 5.92.0, KDE Plasma 5.24.4, and KDE Gear 21.12.3.

As mentioned in the eighth installment, it is a long-standing open source desktop environment, has a high degree of perfection, and provides almost the same functionality as GNOME. A wide range of compatible applications, in particularDropsIt was originally developed as a KDE application, but now has many Windows users.

In particular, there are many Qt applications that do not depend on the KDE Frameworks, so if you often use Qt/KDE applications, you may want to give Kubuntu a try.

Xubuntu

Xfce for desktop

Xubuntu comes with a package manager called Synaptic installed. Unlike Ubuntu, you can install all packages in the repository

XubuntuteethXfceIt is a flavor that uses the desktop environment.

Xfce is also very old and based on GTK, but it is simpler than GNOME and can do less work, so it does not consume a lot of hardware resources. Ubuntu has been released for the Raspberry Pi, but Xubuntu is a good choice if memory is tight. Also suitable for installation on slightly older computers.

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Fortunately or unfortunately, the pace of the release is slow and there is not much change. In any case, it also satisfies the needs of the desire to continue to use what is currently running. Even if there are no major changes to Xfce itself, Xubuntu will be released on a regular schedule.

Lubuntu

Desktop LXQt

If you set the same theme for GTK and Qt, you will not be fully aware of the difference between the toolkits, and you can make such settings.

LubuntuIs a flavor with a rather interesting character, originallyLXDEIt uses a desktop environment called when changing the LXDE toolkit,LXQtThe desktop environment will be developed, and Lubuntu has also moved to LXQt.

LXQt, as the name suggests, is a desktop environment that uses Qt as its toolkit. The functions are simple and there are not many native apps.

LXQt itself can be used in a Japanese environment without any problems, but Lubuntu doesn’t put much effort into multilingualism and can’t use the Japanese environment as it is. It does take some time and effort, but I’m going to omit it in this article, so I’d like you to hit up a niche magazine.

MATE FREE

Desktop MATE

The currently selected background (background) and jellyfish before and after are generated by AI.

MATE FREEteethCompanion(Pronounced “Mate” Mate from “Mate Tea”) It is a flavor that adopts the desktop environment.

As I wrote in Part VIII, MATE is a desktop environment derived from the latest version of the GNOME 2 series. It’s an ambitious project that doesn’t change the look and feel much, but rather revamps the contents. Naturally, every app is developed with the same policy.

GNOME 3.0 was released in April 2011, so if you’ve played with an Ubuntu released before that (like 10.04 LTS), it might sound familiar.

Ubuntu 10.04 LTS operating system in the old days. As expected, Ubuntu MATE looks newer

GNOME has the advantage that the customization space decreases with the height of the release, so if you want to do a detailed customization, you should choose MATE over GNOME. It comes with a tool that allows you to customize your desktop layout, and you can easily change it to a Windows-like or macOS-like system.

You can easily change the board layout using “MATE Tweak”. It’s Windows-ish, and (I don’t think readers of this magazine need explaining) Redmond is where Microsoft’s headquarters are.

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Ubuntu MATE is actually one of the most advanced flavors out there, so if you don’t like the Ubuntu user interface, then give it a try.

Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix

Cinnamon desktop

Customization is also easy, and apps and themes can be obtained and applied online.

At the time of 22.04 LTS release, it was an unofficial derivative, but in 22.10 it is progressing towards becoming a flavor.Ubuntu Cinnamon Remixhe is.

cinnamonIt is a desktop environment developed on Linux Mint mentioned above, derived from an older version of the GNOME 3 series. Originally they used GNOME applications, but now they have some native ones. It seems to avoid the implementation that adopted the header bar in the eighth.

The look and feel are the closest to Windows among the desktop environments introduced this time around, so it’ll be easy to get started.

Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix and Linux Mint share the same Cinnamon desktop, but with completely different flavors. In particular, the release policy is very different, with Linux Mint versions based on Ubuntu’s LTS, while Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix is ​​based on regular (also called intermediate) versions. For example, Linux Mint based on Ubuntu 22.10 will not be released and Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix (hopefully as a flavor) will be released.

Also, special Linux Mint tools are not supported in Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix, Ubuntu based tools are also not supported.

Other flavors

Here’s a quick introduction to the other three flavors.

  • parrot for free… GNOME desktop shell from GNOME ShellparrotThe flavor has been replaced by
  • Ubuntu Studio… flavors with bouquets for different creators
  • free kylin… a flavor for Chinese-speaking countries.Adopting the UKUI branching desktop environment from MATE

With so many desktop environments and flavors released, I hope that readers who aren’t familiar with Ubuntu or GNOME will find their favorite among them.